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The shorthand for the orchestration, or Orchestra Instrumentation Numerical Notation, of a classical symphony orchestra is used to outline which and how many instruments, especially wind instruments, are called for in a given piece of music. The shorthand is ordered in the same fashion as the parts of the individual instruments in the score, read from top to bottom. The orchestra is divided into four groups and specified as follows: * Woodwind instruments: flutes, oboes, clarinets, bassoons * Brass instruments: horns, trumpets, trombones, tubas * Timpani, percussion, piano, harp etc. * String section: violins, violas, celli, basses There is no standardized version of this shorthand; different publishers use different systems, especially for doubling/alternate/additional instruments. However, the basic order of the instruments, as seen above, is common to all of them. Examples for different notations for the same orchestration: == Examples == If any soloists or a choir are called for, their parts are usually printed between the percussion/keyboards and the strings in the score. In shorthand however, they are usually omitted. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Shorthand for orchestra instrumentation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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